Climate change poses a significant threat to young children in Nigeria, particularly due to extreme heat and increasingly severe floods. Rising temperatures and extreme weather primarily driven by climate change exacerbate the already limited access to safe drinking water, intensifying the risks to children's health and well-being. Young children are also more susceptible to respiratory problems and other heat-related illnesses because their bodies generate more heat relative to their size and they sweat less efficiently.1 High temperatures lead to severe dehydration, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke, which can be life-threatening if not addressed promptly. Overheated classrooms can impair concentration and cognitive function, which in turn impedes learning. The psychological impact of extreme heat includes increased stress and anxiety, which could potentially slow brain development during this most critical developmental window.